Flow Monitors. Sense Line Protectors. Solenoid Valves. Supply Gas Regulators. Other Accessories. Float Operated Controllers. Temperature Controllers. Back Pressure Regulators. Pressure Reducing Regulators. Differential Pressure Regulators. High Pressure Control Valves. Liquid Dump Valves. Low Pressure Control Valves. Weight Operated Dump Valves. Ball Valves. Energy Exchange. Jordan Moore. Actually, Richard III, King of England from until , had defined the wine puncheon as a cask holding 84 gallons and a wine tierce as holding 42 gallons.
By custom had made the 42 gallon watertight tierce a standard container for shipping eel, salmon, herring, molasses, wine, whale oil and many other commodities in the English colonies.
After the American Revolution in , American merchants continued to use the same size barrels. Oil companies that are listed on American stock exchanges typically report their production in terms of volume and use the units of bbl, Mbbl one thousand barrels , or MMbbl one million barrels and occasionally for widest comprehensive statistics the Gbbl or sometimes Gbl denoting a billion.
There is a conflict concerning the units for oil barrels. Outside the United States, volumes of oil are usually reported in cubic metres m3 instead of oil barrels. Cubic meter is the basic volume unit in the International System. Canadian companies operate internally and report to Canadian governments in cubic metres, but often convert to U. They generally quote prices in Canadian dollars per cubic meter to other Canadian companies, but use U. Companies on the European stock exchanges report the mass of oil in metric tonnes.
Since different varieties of petroleum have different densities, however, there is not a single conversion between mass and volume. For example, one tonne of heavy distillates might occupy a volume of U. In contrast, one tonne of crude oil might occupy gallons 6. Overall, the conversion is usually between 6 and 8 bbl per tonne. The Drake Well, the first oil well in the U.
When oil production began, there was no standard container for oil, so oil and petroleum products were stored and transported in barrels of different shapes and sizes. Some of these barrels would originally have been used for other products, such as beer, fish, molasses or turpentine. Both the U. Also, U. The 40 gallon whiskey barrel was the most common size used by early oil producers, since they were readily available at the time.
In August , at the height of the oil boom in northwestern Pennsylvania, a handful of American independent oil producers met in Titusville. One of the issues that were discussed at this meeting was the coordination of standard containers for oil supplies to consumers. As a result, a 42 gallon volume was agreed as a standard oil barrel. Already by the year , everyday practice in Pennsylvania and accumulated experience led to the fact that the sealed wooden barrel of 42 gallons became the de facto standard container for transporting fish, molasses, soap, wine, oil, whale oil and other goods.
Barrels with a capacity of 42 gallons when filling them with oil had just such a weight that one healthy person could handle. One person could not cope with larger barrels, and the use of smaller barrels was not so economically advantageous. In addition, 20 barrels with a capacity of 42 gallons were ideally placed on typical, at that time, barges and railway platforms.
Thus, choosing a 42 gallon barrel as an industry standard was a logical and natural step for early oil producers. In , the American Petroleum Association officially approved a 42 gallon barrel as a standard.
Currently, oil, of course, is no longer transported in any barrels. It is transported by tankers and oil pipelines. But the oil barrel as a unit of measure remained in the practice of world oil trade. Popular rumor says that such an abbreviation owes its origin to the phrase blue barrel.
The fact is that in the early practice of Standard Oil, it was to paint its oil barrels in blue. The blue barrel was a kind of guarantee that its volume is 42 gallons. That is, one barrel is 1 bl, two barrels is 2 bbl, etc. In general, the truth is somewhere nearby. But what is a real truth there, it is no longer to find out. Around , early oil producers in Pennsylvania came to the conclusion that shipping oil in a variety of different containers was causing buyer distrust.
They decided they needed a standard unit of measure to convince buyers that they were getting a fair volume for their money, and settled on the standard wine tierce, which was two gallons larger than the standard whisky barrel. Whereas, it is conceded by all producers of crude petroleum on Oil Creek that the present system of selling crude oil by the barrel, without regard to the size, is injurious to the oil trade, alike to the buyer and seller, as buyers, with an ordinary sized barrel cannot compete with those with large ones.
We, therefore, mutually agree and bind ourselves that from this date we will sell no crude by the barrel or package, but by the gallon only.
An allowance of two gallons will be made on the gauge of each and every 40 gallons in favor of the buyer. By , the standard oil barrel was firmly established as U.
The 42 gallon standard oil barrel was officially adopted by the Petroleum Producers Association in and by the U. Some wells are notoriously gassy in nature, so industry standard accounting measures can create a false sense of wealth.
A current example of this is the shale boom. On a more macro scale, presidents and leaders might get carried away in talking about energy independence. Serial Energy Entrepreneur. Webmaster at drillers. Founder of Out of the Box Innovations Ltd. Traveller and Outdoorsman, Husband, Father.
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