Having a positive HPV result does not mean your partner has had sex with someone else while you have been together. You might have HPV even if you have not been sexually active or not had a new partner for many years.
Page last reviewed: 31 March Next review due: 31 March Your results - Cervical screening Contents What is cervical screening? Why it's important When you'll be invited How to book What happens at your appointment Your results Further help and support. When your results should arrive The nurse or doctor who does your cervical screening will tell you when you can expect your results letter.
Information: Try not to worry if it is taking a long time to get your results letter. It does not mean anything is wrong, and most people will have a normal result. If you still have HPV after 3 years, you may need to have a colposcopy. Cervical cancer: ESMO clinical practice guidelines. Annals of Oncology, ; 28, suppl 4, iv72—iv It has been reviewed by expert medical and health professionals and people living with cancer.
We try to make sure our information is as clear as possible. We use plain English, avoid jargon, explain any medical words, use illustrations to explain text, and make sure important points are highlighted clearly.
For example, we do so when talking about parts of the body or mentioning statistics or research about who is affected. Our aims are for our information to be as clear and relevant as possible for everyone.
You can read more about how we produce our information here. Cervical screening. Regular cervical screening is important for anyone with a cervix. This includes women, trans men and people assigned female at birth. On this page. What is cervical screening? Understanding cervical screening and CIN. This booklet is about cervical screening.
It is for anyone who wants information about how screening is used Cervical screening - easy read. An easy read booklet about cervical cancer and what happens during cervical screening a smear test.
Our easy Why have cervical screening? Who can have cervical screening? Women The NHS will contact you when it is time for your cervical screening if you are: 25 to 64 years old registered as female with a GP.
Trans and non-binary people If you are a trans man or non-binary person and have a cervix, you should have screening too. But, you may not be sent an invitation if you are registered as male with your GP. Tell your GP if you want to have cervical screening, so they can arrange regular tests for you. This includes information about having a smear test, trans-specific clinics and further support. You do not need cervical screening if you are a trans woman or were assigned male at birth.
The NHS has more information about other types of screening for trans women. HPV and cervical screening The main risk factor for cervical cancer is an infection called the human papilloma virus HPV. If you smoke Smoking makes it harder for your body to get rid of an HPV infection. Your test result may show one of the following: No HPV.
HPV but no abnormal cells. HPV and abnormal cells. An unclear result. Test results in Northern Ireland In Northern Ireland, your cervical smear sample is checked under a microscope for abnormal cells. Your test result may show one the following: No changes. Not enough cells to test. Minor changes. Changes which require further tests If your sample shows any other type of change, you will be referred for a procedure called a colposcopy to find out more. Your feelings about test results Often, the hardest part of cervical screening is waiting for results.
Colposcopy If your cervical smear test shows abnormal cells, you may have a different test to look closely at your cervix. During the colposcopy you may: Be offered treatment to remove the abnormal cells. Have a small sample biopsy of the cells collected. Making treatment decisions Before any treatment, you should be given time and information to make a decision. See also Treatment for abnormal cervical cells Making treatment decisions. What is cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia CIN?
CIN 2. CIN 3. Treating abnormal cells After a colposcopy , you may be offered treatment to remove an area of abnormal cells.
Follow-up after treatment Treatments for abnormal cells of the cervix are usually very successful. What happens next depends on the results: If the sample shows no HPV, you will be asked to have cervical screening again in 3 years.
Your risk of developing more serious abnormal changes in this time is very low. If the sample shows HPV, you will be asked to have another more detailed check-up, with a colposcopy. Macmillan is also here to support you. If you would like to talk, you can: Call the Macmillan Support Line on 00 00 Chat to our specialists online.
About our information References. The language we use We want everyone affected by cancer to feel our information is written for them. Print page. How we can help. If you need to talk, we'll listen. Share experiences, ask questions and talk to people who understand. Find out about support groups, where to get information and how to get involved with Macmillan where you live. Get help.
The cervix is the lowest part of the uterus, located at the top of your vagina. The Pap smear test can detect precancerous cells. Precancerous cells can be removed before they have a chance to develop into cervical cancer , which makes this test a potential lifesaver.
While no real preparation is necessary, there are a few things that can affect Pap results. For more accurate results, avoid these things for two days before your scheduled test:. A speculum will be used to open your vagina and allow your doctor to see your cervix.
Your doctor will use a swab to remove a few cells from your cervix. They will place these cells on a glass slide and send them to a lab for testing. Test results can be inconclusive. This result is sometimes called ASC-US, which means atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance. In some cases, a poor sample can lead to inconclusive results.
That might happen if you recently had intercourse or used menstrual products. An abnormal result means some cervical cells have changed. Abnormal cells are either low grade or high grade. Low-grade cells are only slightly abnormal.
High-grade cells look less like normal cells and may develop into cancer. The existence of abnormal cells is known as cervical dysplasia. The abnormal cells are sometimes called carcinoma in situ or precancer. Your doctor will be able to explain the specifics of your Pap result, the likelihood of a false-positive or false-negative, and the steps you should take next.
When Pap results are unclear or inconclusive, your doctor may want to schedule a repeat test in the near future. It takes additional testing to confirm cancer. If your Pap results are unclear or inconclusive, the next step will likely be a colposcopy. A colposcopy is a procedure in which your doctor uses a microscope to inspect your cervix. Your doctor will use a special solution during the colposcopy to help differentiate normal areas from abnormal ones.
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