A innate immunity B naturally acquired active immunity C naturally acquired passive immunity D artificially acquired active immunity E artificially acquired passive immunity. A specific regions on antigens that interact with T-cell receptors B specific regions on antigens that interact with MHC class molecules C specific regions on antigens that interact with haptens D specific regions on antigens that interact with antibodies E specific regions on antigens that interact with perforins.
B naturally acquired active immunity. C naturally acquired passive immunity. D artificially acquired active immunity. E artificially acquired passive immunity. B opsonization. C ADCC. D apoptosis. E neutralization. C cytokines released by dendritic cells. D cytokines released by B cells. E complement. B the H chains. C the L chains. D the constant portions of the H and L chains. E the variable portions of the H and L chains. A They originate in bone marrow. B They have antibodies on their surfaces.
C They are responsible for the memory response. D They are responsible for antibody formation. A The cells originate in bone marrow.
B Cells are processed in the thymus gland. Ensuring that everyone around a young infant is immune to a disease like pertussis whooping cough is an example of this type of indirect immunity. Another example is ensuring that everyone who visits or cares for a person being treated for cancer is healthy, so that the cancer patient whose immunity is weakened by treatment is less likely to be exposed to a pathogen. Materials in this section are updated as new information and vaccines become available.
The Vaccine Education Center staff regularly reviews materials for accuracy. You should not consider the information in this site to be specific, professional medical advice for your personal health or for your family's personal health. You should not use it to replace any relationship with a physician or other qualified healthcare professional.
For medical concerns, including decisions about vaccinations, medications and other treatments, you should always consult your physician or, in serious cases, seek immediate assistance from emergency personnel. Types of Immunity. Contact Us Online. Two types of immunity exist — active and passive: Active immunity occurs when our own immune system is responsible for protecting us from a pathogen.
Passive immunity occurs when we are protected from a pathogen by immunity gained from someone else. Both of these different types of immunity can be acquired in different ways.
Active immunity Individuals rely on active immunity more so than passive immunity. Passive immunity can occur in a couple of ways: Maternal antibodies Unborn and newly born babies are protected by antibodies from the maternal immune system.
Placenta and circulation — When a woman is pregnant, her blood circulates through the placenta to deliver nourishment and protection to the developing fetus. As the blood circulates, so do the antibodies and immune system cells that travel in blood.
D exposure to a new antigen. E the T-cell response. A The variable region of a heavy chain is partially responsible for binding with antigen. B The variable region of a light chain is partially responsible for binding with antigen.
C The Fc region attaches to a host cell. D The constant region of a heavy chain is the same for all antibodies. E All of the answers are correct. A something foreign in the body B a chemical that elicits an antibody response and can combine with these antibodies C a chemical that combines with antibodies D a pathogen E a protein that combines with antibodies.
A Antigen-digest goes to surface of APC. B APC phagocytizes antigen. C B cell is activated. E THcell produces cytokines. A capsule B flagellum C pili D ribosome E plasmid. A Antibodies are produced. B Dendritic cell takes up antigen. C Antigen enters M cell. D THcell produces cytokines. E THcells proliferate. B convert TH1 cells to TH2 cells. C convert TH2 cells to TH1 cells. D kill parasites. E convert B cells to T cells.
A B C D E Cause of Army jaundice is now discovered and the means of control indicated. New York Times, January 21, Preventing measles: Gamma globulin, separated from the blood, destroys the germ. New York Times , May 14, Rinaldo Jr.
Passive immunization against poliomyelitis. The Hammon gamma globulin field trials, Am J Pub Health. Synagis Palivizumab Information Page. Shibasaburo Kitasato and Emil von Behring immunized guinea pigs with heat-treated diphtheria toxin. Kitasato and von Behring showed that the blood products sera , or, singular, serum of the guinea pigs contained a substance that prevented the harmful effects of C. Next, they showed that they could cure diphtheria in an animal by injecting it with the serum of an immunized animal.
They called the substance antitoxin and their treatment serum therapy. They realized that they needed to immunize large animals, such as horses and sheep, to produce enough antitoxin to protect humans.
Which of the following is not a disadvantage of passive immunization? True or false? In certain cases, passive and active immunization can be used together. Article Menu [ ]. Vaccine Science [ ]. Biological Weapons, Bioterrorism, and Vaccines. Cancer Vaccines and Immunotherapy. Careers in Vaccine Research.
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